Publications:

Ritter, F. E., Reifers, A. L., Klein, A. C., & Schoelles, M. J. (2006). Lessons from defining theories of stress. In W. Gray (Ed.) Integrated Models of Cognitive Systems. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Veksler, V. D., Gray, W. D., & Schoelles, M. S. (submitted). Goal-Proximity Decision Making. Cognitive Science.
Schoelles, M. & Gray, W. (2012). SimPilot: An exploration of modeling a highly interactive task with delayed feedback in a multitasking environment. In N. Rußwinkel, U. Drewitz & H. van Rijn (eds.), Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling, Berlin: Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin.
Brudzinski, M., Sims, C., Gray, W., & Schoelles, M. (2010). Visual Similarity is ObViS. Poster presented at the 32nd Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Portland, OR.
Veksler, V. D., Gray, W. D., & Schoelles, M. J. (2009). Goal-Proximity Decision Making: Who needs reward anyway? In Proceedings of the 31st Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society.
Kase, S. E., Ritter, F. E., Schoelles, M. (2009). Caffeine's effect on appraisal and mental arithmetic performance: A cognitive modeling approach tells us more. In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference of Cognitive Modeling (paper 252), Manchester, United Kingdom.
Janssen, C.P., Gray, W.D., & Schoelles, M.J. (2008). How a Modeler's Conception of Rewards Influences a Model's Behavior: Investigating ACT-R 6's Utility Learning Mechanism. In Proceedings of the 15th Annual ACT-R Workshop (p. 42), Pittsburgh, PA.
Ritter, F. E., Schoelles, M., Klein, L. C., & Kase, S. E. (2007). Modeling the range of performance on the serial subtraction task. In Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. Lewis, R. L., Polk, T. A., Laird, J. L., (eds.). 299-304. Oxford, UK: Taylor & Francis/Psychology Press.
Veksler, B. Z., Gray, W. D., & Schoelles, M. J. (2007). From 1000ms to 650 ms: Why interleaving, soft constraints, and milliseconds matter. In proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Gray, W. D., Sims, C. R., Fu, W.-T., & Schoelles, M. J. (2006). The soft constraints hypothesis: A rational analysis approach to resource allocation for interactive behavior. Psychological Review, 113(3), 461-482.
Schoelles, M. J., Neth, H., Myers, C. W., & Gray, W. D. (2006). Steps towards integrated models of cognitive systems: A levels-of-analysis approach to comparing human performance to model predictions in a complex task environment. In proceedings of the 28th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 756-761 ) . Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Gray, W. D., Schoelles, M. J., & Sims, C. R. (2005). Adapting to the task environment: Explorations in expected value. Cognitive Systems Research, 6, 27-40.
Gray, W. D., Schoelles, M. J., & Sims, C. R. (2004). Learning to choose the most effective strategy: Explorations in expected value. In Proceedings of the sixth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 112-117). Pittsburgh, PA: Carnegie Mellon University/University of Pittsburgh.
Ritter, F. E., Reifers, A., Klein, L. C., Quigley, K., & Schoelles, M. (2004). Using cognitive modeling to study behavior moderations: Pre-task appraisal and anxiety. In Proceedings of the Human factors and Ergonomics Society (pp. 2121-2125). Santa Monica, CA: Human Factor and Ergonomics Society.
Gray, W. D. & M. J. Schoelles (2003). The Nature and Timing of Interruptions in a Complex Cognitive Task: Empirical Data and Computational Cognitive Models. In Proceedings of the 25th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society. pg 37.
Schoelles, M. J. & Gravy, W. D. (2003). Top-down versus bottom-up control of cognition in a task switching paradigm. In F. Detje, D. Doerner, & H. Schaub (Eds.), In Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 295-296). Bamberg, Germany: Universitats-Verlag Bamberg.
Schoelles, M. J. & Gray, W. D. (2001). Argus: A suite of tools for research in complex cognition. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 33(2), 130-140.
Gray, W. D., Schoelles, M. J., & Fu, W-T. (2000). Modeling a continuous dynamic task. In N. Taatgen, & J. Aasman (Eds.), Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 158-168). Veenendal, The Netherlands: Universal Press.
Schoelles, M. J., & Gray, W. D. (2000). Argus Prime: Modeling emergent microstrategies in a complex simulated task environment. In N. Taatgen, & J. Aasman (Eds.), Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 260-270). Veenendal, NL: Universal Press.

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Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University