In the Sperling task, time is controlled by the duration of the iconic memory and the goal is to see how many things can be attended in that time. Another way to measure switching time for attention is to see how long it takes to attend to a number of objects on a screen. One way to get people to attend to all of the objects on a screen is to ask them to say how many objects are there. This is precisely what is done in a subitizing task (see the recent discussion by Simon, Cabrera, & Kliegl, 1993) in which a number of objects are presented to a subject and the subject must identify as quickly as possible how many objects there are on the screen. The classic result obtained (Jensen, Reese, & Reese, 1950) in this task is an increase in latency with number of digits to be identified. There is an apparent discontinuity in the increase with the slope being much shallower until 3 or 4 items and then getting much steeper. There is about a 50 msec slope until 3 or 4 items and approximately a 275 msec slope afterwards.

ACT-R Model